UNICEF says it urgently needs $US45 million ($A43.95 million) to help children in conflict-stricken Mali, where the threat of violence and trafficking has spiralled, compounding a long-running food crisis.
The money was needed to meet basic needs such as health care, nutrition, education and protection over the next three months, UNICEF spokeswoman Marixie Mercado told reporters.
Hundreds of thousands of Malians fled their homes in the wake of last year's seizure of a swathe of the north by Islamists who took advantage of a rebellion by the country's Tuareg community.
The number of fleeing Malians has risen during a French-led offensive against the militants launched by the Malian army in January.
"The impact on children has been particularly acute," said Mercado.
"Displacement has put children at increased risk of sexual exploitation, gender-based violence, trafficking, separation, recruitment into armed groups, as well as exposure to mines and unexploded or abandoned war ordinance," she added.
The conflict came on top of years of drought in Mali and other nations in the Sahel region of northern Africa, where millions face famine as a result.
"The region as a whole is experiencing a continuing nutrition crisis and children affected by the Mali crisis are at particular risk and in urgent need of assistance," said Mercado.
In Mali an estimated 660,000 children under the age of five are expected to face malnutrition this year, according to UNICEF.
The crisis has disrupted schooling for some 700,000 children.
There have also been concerns about human rights violations by both the Islamists and the Malian army.
Addressing the UN Human Rights Council in Geneva on Tuesday, France's deputy foreign minister Yamina Benguigui called for a resolution that would pave the way for an investigation into rights abuses.
She said the Malian authorities must respect international rights treaties and watch for violations.
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